We offer substantive/developmental editing services for fiction (short stories and novels), creative non-fiction, and long-form journalism.
We also edit academic papers, conference presentations, journal articles, book chapters, monographs, essay collections, PhD dissertations and MA theses, as well as white papers, and publications for non-profits and think tanks. We offer substantive, stylistic and copy editing services.
Substantive Editing
Substantive editing (also known as structural or developmental editing) assesses your manuscript for the organization of the content and enhances the coherence, logical progression, and narrative flow of your work.
It recommends headings and navigation aids, and proposes revisions, expansions or cuts to meet length requirements. The goal is to optimize your work for the intended audience, medium and purpose.
Stylistic Editing
Stylistic editing (or “line editing”) resolves ambiguities, clarifies meanings, and ensures the coherence and flow of the argument at the paragraph and sentence level.
It eliminates wordiness, clichés and redundancies, and ensures that the authorial voice, style, and point of view are presented with consistency. It makes sure that supplementary texts and visual elements help to clarify the intended meaning .
Copy Editing
Copy editing corrects spelling, usage, grammar, syntax and punctuation. It resolves variations in terminology and lapses in logic, and applies the correct method and style of documenting sources.
Where appropriate, it identifies words and phrases considered harmful, disrespectful, or difficult to understand. It also pinpoints concerns regarding privacy, confidentiality, and copyright infringement.